GREAT INFO........

Hey There, me again I found this information on the recently graduated nurses blog..........Bonnie Boss had posted it getting ready for the resp. exam in N4.

N4 Random thoughts on Acid Base
These are just little thought trails.
It can make it easier to see cause and effects of abnormal findings.
It can sometimes help to break down difficult concepts.
If you want to know why you see S/Sx, break them down until it make sense.

Resp. Alkalosis Seen in bloodIncreased ventilation (hyperventilation)= decreased CO2 decreased CO2 = reduced H2CO3,
reduced H2CO3 = reduced HC03 and H+,
reduced HC03 and H = increased pH,
increased pH = Alkalosis,
reduced H+ in blood causes H+ to leave cells (down concentration gradient)
= increased H+ In blood, causes K+ to enter cells to maintain electrical balance results = Hypokalemia,
decreased CO2 = hypocapnia, hypocapnia causes cerebral and peripheral vasoconstriction, cerebral and peripheral vasoconstriction = reduced cerebral and peripheral blood flow,
reduced cerebral and peripheral blood flow = reduced Ca2+ ionization,
reduced Ca2+ ionization= hypocalcemia,
hypocalcemia = dizziness, decreasing LOC, hyperreflexia, carpo/pedal spasm, tetany, arrhythmias, seizure, coma,
Hypocapnia overexcites medulla, pons and parts of ANS (autonomic NS)
= increasing anxiety, diaphoresis, dyspnea, alternating periods of apnea and hyperventilation, dizziness, tingling of fingers and toes
Hypocapnia stims carotid & aortic bodies and medulla
= increased Heart Rate, Respiratory Acidosis,
Hypercapnia = increased CO2, increased CO2 = increased H+,
increased H+ = cerebral vasodilation,
cerebral vasodilation = increased cerebral blood flow,
increased cerebral blood flow = cerebral edema,
cerebral edema = headache, CNS depression, confusion, lethargy, nausea, vomiting Hypoventillation = increased CO2,
increased CO2 (+H2O) = increased H2CO3,
increased H2CO3 = increased H+ and HCO3,
increased H+ and CO2 causes hemoglobin to buffer by dumping O2 and picking up CO2 and H+ (2,3 DPG) = decreased O2 SAT ( saturation of hemoglobin)etc..........