#8

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8) Discuss the assessment needed for the surgical client in pain.
The client should be observed for indications of pain (e.g., restlessness) and questioned about the degree and characteristics of the pain. Identifying the location of the pain is important. Incisional pain is to expected, but other causes of pain, such as a full bladder, may be present. Research has shown that many clients are undermedicated for pain. Pain assessment may be difficult in the early postoperative period. The client may not be able to verbalize the presence or severity of pain. The nurse should observe for behavioral clues of pain such as a wrinkling face or brow, a clenched fist, moaning, diaphoresis, and an increased pulse rate.
Lewis pg 399 and 409